Probability Paradoxes & Classical Edge Cases

Explore why surprising probabilities depend on the experiment. Compare Monty Hall host policies, birthday collisions and reversed evidence claims, and solve small absorbing games by first-step equations. Prerequisites: counting, conditioning and Bayes rules. Finite examples are derived directly; full gambler’s ruin and stochastic-process theory are deferred. Includes single-select and multiselect questions with worked solutions and distractor feedback.

References: Monty Hall and Birthday problem, Mistakes in conditional probability; prosecutor fallacy, 1.4.0 Definition, conditional axioms and chain rule, 1.4.2 Law of total probability.